Commons:Tree of Life/APG IV

APG IV (2016) is the latest Angiosperms phylogenic classification made by the APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group).

Wikicommons is migrating its classification from APG III to APG IV:
To follow the migration process, you can look at APG IV/migration.

Short version

• clade angiosperms

  grade Basal angiosperms

  order Amborellales

  order Nymphaeales

  order Austrobaileyales

  clade magnoliids

  order Canellales

  order Laurales

  order Magnoliales

  order Piperales

  independent lineage: unplaced to more inclusive clade

  order Chloranthales -- unplaced to more inclusive clade

  clade monocots

  order Acorales

  order Alismatales

  order Asparagales

  order Dioscoreales

  order Liliales

  order Pandanales

  order Petrosaviales

  clade commelinids -- not sure it is still recognized

  order Arecales

  family Dasypogonaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Commelinales

  order Poales

  order Zingiberales

  probable sister of eudicots

  order Ceratophyllales

  clade eudicots

  order Buxales

  order Proteales

  family Sabiaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Ranunculales

  order Trochodendrales

  clade core eudicots

  order Dilleniales -- new in APGIV

  family Dilleniaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Gunnerales

  clade superrosids

  order Saxifragales

  clade rosids

  order Vitales

  clade Eurosids I (fabids)

  order Cucurbitales

  order Fabales

  order Fagales

  order Rosales

  order Zygophyllales

  clade COM (for Celastrales, Oxalidales, Malpighiales); fabids or malvids?

  order Celastrales

  order Malpighiales

  order Oxalidales

  clade Eurosids II (malvids)

  order Brassicales

  order Crossosomatales

  order Geraniales

  order Huerteales

  order Malvales

  order Myrtales

  order Picramniales

  order Sapindales

  clade superasterids

  order Berberidopsidales

  order Caryophyllales

  order Santalales

  clade asterids

  order Cornales

  order Ericales

  clade euasterids I (lamiids)

  order Boraginales -- new in APGIV

  family Boraginaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Garryales

  order Gentianales

  order Icacinales† -- new in APGIV

  family Oncothecaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  family Icacinaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Lamiales

  order Metteniusales† -- new in APGIV

  family Metteniusaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  order Solanales

  order Vahliales -- new in APGIV

  family Vahliaceae -- was unplaced in an order in APGIII

  clade euasterids II (campanulids)

  order Apiales

  order Aquifoliales

  order Asterales

  order Bruniales

  order Dipsacales

  order Escalloniales

  order Paracryphiales

Detailed version (with all families)

Key to symbols used:

* = the family has been added or its circumscription changed since the APG III system of 2009

† = the order has been added since the APG III system

Basal angiosperms

• Amborellales Melikyan et al.
  • Amborellaceae Pichon, nom. cons.
• Nymphaeales Salisb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Hydatellaceae U.Hamann
  • Cabombaceae Rich. ex A.Rich., nom. cons.
  • Nymphaeaceae Salisb., nom. cons.
• Austrobaileyales Takht. ex Reveal
  • Austrobaileyaceae Croizat, nom. cons.
  • Trimeniaceae Gibbs, nom. cons.
  • Schisandraceae Blume, nom. cons.

Magnoliids

• Canellales Cronq.
  • Canellaceae Mart., nom. cons.
  • Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons.
• Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Saururaceae Rich. ex T.Lestib., nom. cons.
  • Piperaceae Giseke, nom. cons.
  • Aristolochiaceae Juss., nom. cons. * (including Asaraceae Vent., Hydnoraceae C.Agardh, nom. cons., Lactoridaceae Engl., nom. cons.)
• Magnoliales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Myristicaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Magnoliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Degeneriaceae I.W.Bailey & A.C.Sm., nom. cons.
  • Himantandraceae Diels, nom. cons.
  • Eupomatiaceae Orb., nom. cons.
  • Annonaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Laurales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Calycanthaceae Lindl., nom. cons.
  • Siparunaceae Schodde
  • Gomortegaceae Reiche, nom. cons.
  • Atherospermataceae R.Br.
  • Hernandiaceae Blume, nom. cons.
  • Monimiaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Lauraceae Juss., nom. cons.

Independent lineage: unplaced to more inclusive clade

• Chloranthales Mart.
  • Chloranthaceae R.Br. ex Sims, nom. cons.

Monocots

• Acorales Mart.
  • Acoraceae Martinov
• Alismatales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Araceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Tofieldiaceae Takht.
  • Alismataceae Vent., nom. cons.
  • Butomaceae Mirb., nom. cons.
  • Hydrocharitaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Scheuchzeriaceae F.Rudolphi, nom. cons.
  • Aponogetonaceae Planch., nom. cons.
  • Juncaginaceae Rich., nom. cons. *
  • Maundiaceae Nakai *
  • Zosteraceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Potamogetonaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons
  • Posidoniaceae Vines, nom. cons.
  • Ruppiaceae Horan., nom. cons.
  • Cymodoceaceae Vines, nom. cons.
• Petrosaviales Takht.
  • Petrosaviaceae Hutch., nom. cons.
• Dioscoreales Mart.
  • Nartheciaceae Fr. ex Bjurzon
  • Burmanniaceae Blume, nom. cons. (not monophyletic.)
  • Dioscoreaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
• Pandanales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Triuridaceae Gardner, nom. cons.
  • Velloziaceae J.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Stemonaceae Caruel, nom. cons.
  • Cyclanthaceae Poit. ex A.Rich., nom. cons.
  • Pandanaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
• Liliales Perleb
  • Campynemataceae Dumort.
  • Corsiaceae Becc., nom. cons.
  • Melanthiaceae Batsch ex Borkh., nom. cons.
  • Petermanniaceae Hutch, nom. cons.
  • Alstroemeriaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Colchicaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Philesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Ripogonaceae Conran & Clifford
  • Smilacaceae Vent., nom. cons.
  • Liliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Asparagales Link
  • Orchidaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Boryaceae M.W.Chase et al.
  • Blandfordiaceae R.Dahlgren & Clifford
  • Asteliaceae Dumort.
  • Lanariaceae H.Huber ex R.Dahlgren
  • Hypoxidaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Doryanthaceae R.Dahlgren & Clifford
  • Ixioliriaceae Nakai (as 'Ixiolirionaceae'; spelling corrected)
  • Tecophilaeaceae Leyb., nom. cons.
  • Iridaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Xeronemataceae M.W.Chase et al.
  • Asphodelaceae Juss., nom. cons. prop. (including Xanthorrhoeaceae Dumort., nom. cons.)
  • Amaryllidaceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons.
  • Asparagaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Arecales Bromhead
  • Dasypogonaceae Dumort.
  • Arecaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons. (=Palmae Juss., nom. cons.)
• Commelinales Mirb. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Hanguanaceae Airy Shaw
  • Commelinaceae Mirb., nom. cons.
  • Philydraceae Link, nom. cons.
  • Pontederiaceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Haemodoraceae R.Br., nom. cons.
• Zingiberales Griseb.
  • Strelitziaceae Hutch., nom. cons.
  • Lowiaceae Ridl., nom. cons.
  • Heliconiaceae Vines
  • Musaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Cannaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Marantaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Costaceae Nakai
  • Zingiberaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
• Poales Small
  • Typhaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Bromeliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Rapateaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Xyridaceae C.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Eriocaulaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Mayacaceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Thurniaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Juncaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Cyperaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Restionaceae R.Br., nom. cons. * (including Anarthriaceae D.W.Cutler & Airy Shaw, Centrolepidaceae Endl., nom. cons.)
  • Flagellariaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Joinvilleaceae Toml. & A.C.Sm.
  • Ecdeiocoleaceae D.W.Cutler & Airy Shaw
  • Poaceae Barnhart, nom. cons. (= Gramineae Juss., nom. cons.)

Probable sister of eudicots

• Ceratophyllales Link
  • Ceratophyllaceae Gray, nom. cons.

Eudicots

• Ranunculales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Eupteleaceae K.Wilh., nom. cons.
  • Papaveraceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Circaeasteraceae Hutch., nom. cons.
  • Lardizabalaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Menispermaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Berberidaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Ranunculaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Proteales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Sabiaceae Blume, nom. cons.
  • Nelumbonaceae A.Rich., nom. cons.
  • Platanaceae T.Lestib., nom. cons.
  • Proteaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Trochodendrales Takht. ex Cronq.
  • Trochodendraceae Eichler, nom. cons.
• Buxales Takht. ex Reveal
  • Buxaceae Dumort., nom. cons. * (including Haptanthaceae C.Nelson)

Core eudicots

• Gunnerales Takht. ex Reveal
  • Myrothamnaceae Nied., nom. cons.
  • Gunneraceae Meisn., nom. cons.
• Dilleniales DC. ex Bercht. & J.Presl †
  • Dilleniaceae Salisb., nom. cons.

Superrosids

• Saxifragales Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Peridiscaceae Kuhlm., nom. cons.
  • Paeoniaceae Raf., nom. cons.
  • Altingiaceae Lindl., nom. cons.
  • Hamamelidaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Cercidiphyllaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Daphniphyllaceae Mu€ll.Arg., nom. cons.
  • Iteaceae J.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Grossulariaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Saxifragaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Crassulaceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons.
  • Aphanopetalaceae Doweld
  • Tetracarpaeaceae Nakai
  • Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britton, nom. cons.
  • Haloragaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Cynomoriaceae Endl. ex Lindl., nom. cons.

Rosids

• Vitales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Vitaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Zygophyllales Link
  • Krameriaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Zygophyllaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
• Fabales Bromhead
  • Quillajaceae D.Don
  • Fabaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (= Leguminosae Juss., nom. cons.)
  • Surianaceae Arn., nom. cons.
  • Polygalaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons.
• Rosales Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Rosaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Barbeyaceae Rendle, nom. cons.
  • Dirachmaceae Hutch.
  • Elaeagnaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Rhamnaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Ulmaceae Mirb., nom. cons.
  • Cannabaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Moraceae Gaudich., nom. cons.
  • Urticaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Fagales Engl.
  • Nothofagaceae Kuprian.
  • Fagaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Myricaceae Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Juglandaceae DC. ex Perleb, nom. cons.
  • Casuarinaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Ticodendraceae Gomez-Laur. & L.D.Gomez
  • Betulaceae Gray, nom. cons.
• Cucurbitales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Apodanthaceae Tiegh. ex Takht. *
  • Anisophylleaceae Ridl.
  • Corynocarpaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Coriariaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Cucurbitaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Tetramelaceae Airy Shaw
  • Datiscaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Begoniaceae C.Agardh, nom. cons.

COM clade; placement uncertain

• Celastrales Link
  • Lepidobotryaceae J.L eonard, nom. cons.
  • Celastraceae R.Br., nom. cons.
• Oxalidales Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Huaceae A.Chev.
  • Connaraceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Oxalidaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Cunoniaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Elaeocarpaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Cephalotaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Brunelliaceae Engl., nom. cons.
• Malpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Pandaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons.
  • Irvingiaceae Exell & Mendonc"a, nom. cons. * (including Allantospermum Forman)
  • Ctenolophonaceae Exell & Mendonc"a
  • Rhizophoraceae Pers., nom. cons.
  • Erythroxylaceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Ochnaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Bonnetiaceae L.Beauvis. ex Nakai
  • Clusiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (= Guttiferae Juss., nom. cons.)
  • Calophyllaceae J.Agardh
  • Podostemaceae Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Hypericaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Caryocaraceae Voigt, nom. cons.
  • Lophopyxidaceae H.Pfeiff.
  • Putranjivaceae Meisn.
  • Centroplacaceae Doweld & Reveal
  • Elatinaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Malpighiaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Balanopaceae Benth. & Hook.f., nom. cons.
  • Trigoniaceae A.Juss., nom. cons.
  • Dichapetalaceae Baill., nom. cons.
  • Euphroniaceae Marc.-Berti
  • Chrysobalanaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Humiriaceae A.Juss., nom. cons.
  • Achariaceae Harms, nom. cons.
  • Violaceae Batsch, nom. cons.
  • Goupiaceae Miers
  • Passifloraceae Juss. ex Roussel, nom. cons.
  • Lacistemataceae Mart., nom. cons.
  • Salicaceae Mirb., nom. cons.
  • Peraceae Klotzsch *
  • Rafflesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Euphorbiaceae Juss., nom. cons. *
  • Linaceae DC. ex Perleb, nom. cons.
  • Ixonanthaceae Planch. ex Miq., nom. cons. *
  • Picrodendraceae Small, nom. cons.
  • Phyllanthaceae Martinov, nom. cons.

Rosids continued

• Geraniales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Geraniaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Francoaceae A.Juss., nom. cons. * (including Bersamaceae Doweld, Greyiaceae Hutch., nom. cons., Ledocarpaceae Meyen, Melianthaceae Horan., nom. cons., Rhynchothecaceae A.Juss., Vivianiaceae Klotzsch, nom. cons.)
• Myrtales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Combretaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Lythraceae J.St.-Hil., nom. cons.
  • Onagraceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Vochysiaceae A.St.-Hil., nom. cons.
  • Myrtaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Melastomataceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Crypteroniaceae A.DC., nom. cons.
  • Alzateaceae S.A.Graham
  • Penaeaceae Sweet ex Guill., nom. cons.
• Crossosomatales Takht. ex Reveal
  • Aphloiaceae Takht.
  • Geissolomataceae A.DC., nom. cons.
  • Strasburgeriaceae Tiegh., nom. cons.
  • Staphyleaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Guamatelaceae S.H.Oh & D.Potter
  • Stachyuraceae J.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Crossosomataceae Engl., nom. cons.
• Picramniales Doweld
  • Picramniaceae Fernando & Quinn
• Huerteales Doweld
  • Gerrardinaceae M.H.Alford
  • Petenaeaceae Christenh. et al. *
  • Tapisciaceae Takht.
  • Dipentodontaceae Merr., nom. cons.
• Sapindales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Biebersteiniaceae Schnizl.
  • Nitrariaceae Lindl.
  • Kirkiaceae Takht.
  • Burseraceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Anacardiaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Sapindaceae Juss., nom. cons. (including Xanthocerataceae Buerki et al., as 'Xanthoceraceae')
  • Rutaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Simaroubaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Meliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Malvales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Cytinaceae A.Rich.
  • Muntingiaceae C.Bayer et al.
  • Neuradaceae Kostel., nom. cons.
  • Malvaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Sphaerosepalaceae Bullock
  • Thymelaeaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Bixaceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Cistaceae Juss., nom. cons. * (including Pakaraimaea Maguire & P.S.Ashton)
  • Sarcolaenaceae Caruel, nom. cons.
  • Dipterocarpaceae Blume, nom. cons. *
• Brassicales Bromhead
  • Akaniaceae Stapf, nom. cons.
  • Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC., nom. cons.
  • Moringaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Caricaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Limnanthaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Setchellanthaceae Iltis
  • Koeberliniaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Bataceae Mart. ex Perleb, nom. cons.
  • Salvadoraceae Lindl., nom. cons.
  • Emblingiaceae Airy Shaw
  • Tovariaceae Pax, nom. cons.
  • Pentadiplandraceae Hutch. & Dalziel
  • Gyrostemonaceae A.Juss., nom. cons.
  • Resedaceae Martinov, nom. cons. * (including Borthwickiaceae J.X.Su et al., Stixidaceae Doweld as 'Stixaceae', Forchhammeria Liebm.)
  • Capparaceae Juss., nom. cons. *
  • Cleomaceae Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Brassicaceae Burnett, nom. cons. (= Cruciferae Juss., nom. cons.)

Superasterids

• Berberidopsidales Doweld
  • Aextoxicaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons.
  • Berberidopsidaceae Takht.
• Santalales R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Olacaceae R.Br., nom. cons. (not monophyletic; including Aptandraceae Miers, Coulaceae Tiegh., Erythropalaceae Planch. ex Miq., nom. cons., Octoknemaceae Soler. nom. cons., Strombosiaceae Tiegh., Ximeniaceae Horan.)
  • Opiliaceae Valeton, nom. cons.
  • Balanophoraceae Rich., nom. cons.
  • Santalaceae R.Br., nom. cons. (not monophyletic if Balanophoraceae are embedded; including Amphorogynaceae Nickrent & Der, Cervantesiaceae Nickrent & Der, Comandraceae Nickrent & Der, Nanodeaceae Nickrent & Der, Thesiaceae Vest, Viscaceae Batsch)
  • Misodendraceae J.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Schoepfiaceae Blume
  • Loranthaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Caryophyllales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Frankeniaceae Desv., nom. cons.
  • Tamaricaceae Link, nom. cons.
  • Plumbaginaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Polygonaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Droseraceae Salisb., nom. cons.
  • Nepenthaceae Dumort, nom. cons.
  • Drosophyllaceae Chrtek et al.
  • Dioncophyllaceae Airy Shaw, nom. cons.
  • Ancistrocladaceae Planch. ex Walp., nom. cons.
  • Rhabdodendraceae Prance
  • Simmondsiaceae Tiegh.
  • Physenaceae Takht.
  • Asteropeiaceae Takht. ex Reveal & Hoogland
  • Macarthuriaceae Christenh. *
  • Microteaceae Schäferhoff & Borsch *
  • Caryophyllaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Achatocarpaceae Heimerl, nom. cons.
  • Amaranthaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Stegnospermataceae Nakai
  • Limeaceae Shipunov ex Reveal *
  • Lophiocarpaceae Doweld & Reveal
  • Kewaceae Christenh. *
  • Barbeuiaceae Nakai
  • Gisekiaceae Nakai
  • Aizoaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Phytolaccaceae R.Br., nom. cons. *
  • Petiveriaceae C.Agardh * (including Rivinaceae C.Agardh)
  • Sarcobataceae Behnke
  • Nyctaginaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Molluginaceae Bartl., nom. cons. *
  • Montiaceae Raf.
  • Didiereaceae Radlk., nom. cons.
  • Basellaceae Raf., nom. cons.
  • Halophytaceae S.Soriano
  • Talinaceae Doweld
  • Portulacaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Anacampserotaceae Eggli & Nyffeler
  • Cactaceae Juss., nom. cons.

Asterids

• Cornales Link
  • Nyssaceae Juss. ex Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Hydrostachyaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Hydrangeaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Loasaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Curtisiaceae Takht.
  • Grubbiaceae Endl. ex Meisn., nom. cons.
  • Cornaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons.
• Ericales Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Balsaminaceae A.Rich., nom. cons.
  • Marcgraviaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons.
  • Tetrameristaceae Hutch.
  • Fouquieriaceae DC., nom. cons.
  • Polemoniaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Lecythidaceae A.Rich., nom. cons.
  • Sladeniaceae Airy Shaw
  • Pentaphylacaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Sapotaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Ebenaceae Gu€rke, nom. cons.
  • Primulaceae Batsch ex Borkh., nom. cons.
  • Theaceae Mirb., nom. cons.
  • Symplocaceae Desf., nom. cons.
  • Diapensiaceae Lindl., nom. cons.
  • Styracaceae DC. & Spreng., nom. cons.
  • Sarraceniaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Roridulaceae Martinov, nom. cons.
  • Actinidiaceae Gilg & Werderm., nom. cons.
  • Clethraceae Klotzsch, nom. cons.
  • Cyrillaceae Lindl., nom. cons.
  • Ericaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Mitrastemonaceae Makino, nom. cons. (placement in order unclear)
• Icacinales Tiegh. †
  • Oncothecaceae Kobuski ex Airy Shaw
  • Icacinaceae Miers, nom. cons. *
• Metteniusales Takht. †
  • Metteniusaceae H.Karst. ex Schnizl. *
• Garryales Mart.
  • Eucommiaceae Engl., nom. cons.
  • Garryaceae Lindl., nom. cons.
• Gentianales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Rubiaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Gentianaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Loganiaceae R.Br. ex Mart., nom. cons.
  • Gelsemiaceae L.Struwe & V.A.Albert * (including Pteleocarpaceae Brummitt)
  • Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Boraginales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl †
  • Boraginaceae Juss., nom. cons. (including Codonaceae Weigend & Hilger)
• Vahliales Doweld †
  • Vahliaceae Dandy
• Solanales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Convolvulaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Solanaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Montiniaceae Nakai, nom. cons.
  • Sphenocleaceae T.Baskerv., nom. cons.
  • Hydroleaceae R.Br.
• Lamiales Bromhead
  • Plocospermataceae Hutch.
  • Carlemanniaceae Airy Shaw
  • Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, nom. cons.
  • Tetrachondraceae Wettst.
  • Calceolariaceae Olmstead
  • Gesneriaceae Rich. & Juss., nom. cons. * (the position of Peltanthera Benth. is problematic and here considered unplaced to family)
  • Plantaginaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Scrophulariaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Stilbaceae Kunth, nom. cons.
  • Linderniaceae Borsch et al.
  • Byblidaceae Domin, nom. cons.
  • Martyniaceae Horan., nom. cons.
  • Pedaliaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Acanthaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Bignoniaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Lentibulariaceae Rich., nom. cons.
  • Schlegeliaceae Reveal
  • Thomandersiaceae Sreem.
  • Verbenaceae J.St.Hil., nom. cons.
  • Lamiaceae Martinov, nom. cons. (= Labiatae Juss., nom. cons.)
  • Mazaceae Reveal
  • Phrymaceae Schauer, nom. cons. *
  • Paulowniaceae Nakai
  • Orobanchaceae Vent., nom. cons. * (including Lindenbergiaceae Doweld, Rehmanniaceae Reveal)
• Aquifoliales Senft
  • Stemonuraceae Kårehed
  • Cardiopteridaceae Blume, nom. cons.
  • Phyllonomaceae Small
  • Helwingiaceae Decne.
  • Aquifoliaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons.
• Asterales Link
  • Rousseaceae DC.
  • Campanulaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Pentaphragmataceae J.Agardh, nom. cons.
  • Stylidiaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Alseuosmiaceae Airy Shaw
  • Phellinaceae Takht.
  • Argophyllaceae Takht.
  • Menyanthaceae Dumort., nom. cons.
  • Goodeniaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Calyceraceae R.Br. ex Rich., nom. cons.
  • Asteraceae Bercht. & J.Presl, nom. cons. (= Compositae Giseke, nom. cons.)
• Escalloniales Link
  • Escalloniaceae R.Br. ex Dumort., nom. cons.
• Bruniales Dumort.
  • Columelliaceae D.Don, nom. cons.
  • Bruniaceae R.Br. ex DC., nom. cons.
• Paracryphiales Takht. ex Reveal
  • Paracryphiaceae Airy Shaw
• Dipsacales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl
  • Adoxaceae E.Mey., nom. cons. (= Viburnaceae Raf., nom. cons. prop.)
  • Caprifoliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
• Apiales Nakai
  • Pennantiaceae J.Agardh
  • Torricelliaceae Hu
  • Griseliniaceae Takht., nom. cons. prop.
  • Pittosporaceae R.Br., nom. cons.
  • Araliaceae Juss., nom. cons.
  • Myodocarpaceae Doweld
  • Apiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (= Umbelliferae Juss., nom. cons.)

Other classifications

• List of Classifications used by wikicommons
• for Angiosperms:
  • Cronquist System
  • Strasburger
  • APG II, APG III in migration to APG IV
  • APWebsite Classification
• for Ferns:
  • Smith System
• for birds:
  • IOC Classification